One of the easiest transport layer protocols available in the TCP/IP protocol suite is the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). The communication mechanism involved is minimal. With UDP, neither the receiver nor the sender receives any acknowledgements of packets received. This protocol's shortcoming makes it unreliable and easier to process than many other protocols. Although UDP is considered an unreliable transport protocol, it uses IP services to ensure the best attempts are made to deliver data.

An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a numerical label which is used for addressing he location and identification of the network interface for the devices connected to the computer network. The most used and popular IP version is IPv4 which uses 32-bit for IP addresses. Since the IPv4 became popular and the IPv4 addresses are getting depleted, Ipv6 is now used which uses 128-bit for the IP addresses.

An API is an interface that allows other software programs to access and execute software programs. Software programs exchange data and communicate via this code. Communicating between products and services without requiring users to understand how they work. Social networks, games, database systems, and devices use web APIs to connect with applications.

PII stand for Personally Identifiable Information, so protecting Personally Identifiable Information (PII) is a top priority for companies small and large, as well as government agencies. Companies are amassing increasing amounts of data on their employees, customers, and partners, making PII security more important than ever. It's critical to understand what PII is and how to protect it. Personal information can be divided into two categories.

Having a strong password is necessary to protect our information from being accessible by others. A strong password should be difficult to be identified, guess or decrypt by the attackers. Mostly, while entering passwords, we will be prompted to enter the upper case and lowercase letters along with numbers and special characters. But thinking of a new password every time is very difficult and most people end up repeating the same password for every website and application they use.

GraphQL has replaced REST since its debut in 2015 and has gained popularity. It provides the flexibility frontend developers have longed for. The days of begging with backend developers for single-purpose endpoints are over. Now, a query can provide all the necessary data and request it at once, theoretically reducing latency by a significant amount. Everything was much easier with REST, especially monitoring.

Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) is an attack that tricks a user's browser into sending a malicious HTTP request to another website. This malicious HTTP request looks like it was sent by the user, but it actually comes from the attacker. A cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attempts to execute a change rather than trying to download personal data. Once an attack is executed there is no way for the attacker to directly monitor the result so attackers often execute multiple forgeries.

Today, almost any metric you can think of can be tracked down and reported, as opposed to the past when the software was traditionally provided in boxes and its performance in production could not be predicted. The issues we are currently facing are not due to a lack of information, but rather to an abundance and scale of information. This becomes significantly more difficult to manage when dozens or even hundreds of servers are in use.

The "atop" is an advanced system and process monitor used in the Linux environment to analyze the server performance. It is necessary to analyze the performance of the server continuously. It is a performance monitor which gives us a report on all the activities of processes running on a server.

pstree command is a Linux command which displays the running processes as a tree. It is a visual alternative to another similar command which is called the ps command in Linux. The root of the visual tree output from this command is either the init or the process with the given pid.