Network monitoring is the process of looking after your network with the help of various tools and techniques. These tools that are often called network monitoring systems constantly track various aspects concerning your network, such as bandwidth usage, traffic, etc. This tracking is important in case of outages as these systems notify the network administrator immediately. Moreover, network monitoring systems are essential for status updates so that you can improve your system’s efficiency.

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Topology is a multilayered map showing how everything in the IT environment is related. It's similar to Google Maps, which gives you a bird's eye view into an area and how everything is interconnected. Also, in Google Maps, you can see how traffic is flowing and which intersections may be causing bottlenecks. A view into topology allows similar visibility. You can see how components of an IT system are laid out to interact with each other.