Modern Kubernetes environments are becoming increasingly complex. In 2021, Datadog analyzed real-world usage data from more than 1.5 billion containers and found that the average number of pods per organization had doubled over the course of two years. Organizations running containers also tend to deploy more monitors than companies that don’t leverage containers, pointing to the increased need for monitoring in these environments.

Eventarc is a Google Cloud offering that ingests and routes events between GCP products, such as Cloud Run, Cloud Functions, and Pub/Sub, making it easy to build automated, event-driven workflows in complex environments. By taking care of event ingestion, delivery, authorization, and error handling, Eventarc reduces the development overhead that is required to build and maintain these workflows and helps you improve application resilience.

Moving from a monolith to microservices lets you simplify code deployments, improve the reliability of your applications, and give teams autonomy to work independently in their preferred languages and tooling. But adopting a microservices architecture can bring increased complexity that leads to gaps in your team members’ knowledge about how your services work, what dependencies they have, and which teams own them.

GitHub Actions provides tooling to automate and manage custom CI/CD workflows straight from your repositories, so you can build, test, and deliver application code at high velocity. Using Actions, any webhook can serve as an event trigger, allowing you, for example, to automatically build and test code for each pull request. Datadog CI Visibility now provides end-to-end visibility into your GitHub Actions pipelines, helping you maintain their health and performance.

Citrix Hypervisor, formerly known as Citrix XenServer, is a type 1 hypervisor that enables organizations to run and manage an entire virtual infrastructure—including VMs, virtual desktops, and virtual applications. Organizations can also use Citrix Hypervisor to optionally host these virtual workloads with higher availability and flexibility by implementing managed server groups called resource pools.

Performetriks is a service provider that specializes in assessing and improving application performance and security for enterprise clients. To streamline these processes, Performetriks offers frameworks for automation, benchmarking, and security testing, as well as tools that evaluate and improve application performance. This includes their Composer tool, an on-prem piece of software that allows teams to more efficiently manage monitoring settings by storing, tracking, and managing them as code.

Cilium is a Container Network Interface (CNI) for securing and load-balancing network traffic in your Kubernetes environment. As a CNI provider, Cilium extends the orchestrator’s existing network capabilities by giving teams more control over how they build their applications and monitor traffic. For example, vanilla Kubernetes installations typically rely on traditional firewalls and Linux-based network utilities like iptables to filter pod-to-pod traffic by an IP address or port.

In Part 1, we looked at some key metrics for monitoring the health and performance of your Cilium-managed Kubernetes clusters and network. In this post, we’ll look at how Hubble enables you to visualize network traffic via a CLI and user interface. But first, we’ll briefly look at Hubble’s underlying infrastructure and how it provides visibility into your environment.