Website Monitoring by Error Type: DNS, TCP, TLS, and HTTP
When a website goes down, the failure often feels like a black box. Visitors see a spinning wheel, a cryptic error code, or a blank page. For the people responsible for keeping that site online, the first question is always the same: what broke? The truth is that there is no single way a website “goes down.” Instead, a request from a browser passes through multiple steps—DNS resolution, TCP connection, TLS negotiation, and HTTP response. Each step depends on the ones before it.